> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://spaceandtech-engineerings.gitbook.io/space-and-tech-engineerings-docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://spaceandtech-engineerings.gitbook.io/space-and-tech-engineerings-docs/flight-controller/aazmuth/basic-configuration-and-calibration/radio-calibration.md). # Radio Calibration ## Radio Control Calibration This article shows how to perform radio control calibration using Mission Planner ### Overview RC transmitters let the pilot select flight modes, control the vehicle’s movement and orientation, and switch auxiliary functions on or off (such as raising or lowering landing gear). RC calibration records the minimum, maximum, and “trim” values for each RC input channel so that Aazmuth can accurately interpret the pilot’s commands. #### Check the Transmitter’s Setup 1. Make sure the **battery is disconnected** — this prevents the vehicle from accidentally arming during RC calibration. 2. Verify that the **RC receiver is connected** to the Aazmuth. 3. **Turn on the RC transmitter** and ensure all trim tabs (if present) are set to the center position. 4. **Connect the Aazmuth** to your PC using a USB cable. 5. In **Mission Planner**, click **Connect**, then go to **INITIAL SETUP → Mandatory Hardware → Radio Calibration**. 6. You should see **green bars** indicating that Aazmuth is receiving signals from the transmitter. If no bars appear, check the **receiver’s LED status**. * > * No lights may indicate that it is incorrectly wired to the Aazmuth. Look for connectors that may have been inserted upside down > * A Red or flashing LED may indicate that your RC transmitter/receiver need be bound. See the manual that came with your RC equipment for instructions
1. **Check the channel mapping** on your transmitter. Move the sticks, knobs, and switches to see which green bars move in Mission Planner. This shows which input channels are controlled by each control on the transmitter. * If this is your first time using the transmitter with Aazmuth, you may need to **change the channel mapping**. This is usually done through the transmitter’s built-in configuration menu. 2. **Determine if your transmitter is Mode 1 or Mode 2** (details at the bottom). 3. Verify that the stick and switch assignments follow the recommended setup: * **Roll stick** → Channel 1 * **Pitch stick** → Channel 2 * **Throttle stick** → Channel 3 * **Yaw stick** → Channel 4 * **Flight mode switch** → Channel 5 (default for Copter) or Channel 8 (default for Rover and Plane) * You can change this by adjusting the FLTMODE\_CH parameter (for Plane or Copter) or MODE\_CH parameter (for Rover). * **Tuning knob (Copter only)** → Channel 6 * **Auxiliary functions (Copter and Rover)** → Channels 7–12 for additional two- or three-position switches. 4. **Move the transmitter’s roll, pitch, throttle, and yaw sticks** and check that the green bars in Mission Planner move correctly. * For **roll**, **throttle**, and **yaw** channels, the green bars should move **in the same direction** as the transmitter’s physical sticks. * For the **pitch** channel, the green bar should move **in the opposite direction** of the transmitter’s stick movement. *Note: this is not the default for many transmitters.* 5. If any green bar moves in the wrong direction, **reverse that channel**: * Preferably, do this **in the transmitter’s settings** to keep logging and outputs consistent. * Alternatively, you can reverse the channel in Aazmuth by changing the **RCx\_REVERSED** parameter (where *x* is the input channel number from 1 to 4). #### Calibration Setup * In **Mission Planner**, go to **INITIAL SETUP → Mandatory Hardware → Radio Calibration**. * Click the **green “Calibrate Radio”** button at the bottom right of the screen. * When prompted, press **“OK”** after confirming that the radio control equipment is powered on, the **battery is disconnected**, and the **propellers are removed** for safety.
* Move the transmitter’s control sticks, knobs and switches to their limits. Red lines will appear across the calibration bars to show minimum and maximum values seen so far.
* Select **“Click when Done.”**
* A prompt will appear saying, *“Ensure all your sticks are centered and throttle is down and click OK to continue.”* Move the **throttle to its lowest position**, then press **“OK.”** * Mission Planner will display a **summary of the calibration data**. Typical values are approximately **1100** for minimums and **1900** for maximums.
* If you notice that the motor only spins in one direction when testing the throttle stick, check the **RCx\_TRIM** value for the throttle channel in the **Full Parameters List**. It should be set to the motor controller’s neutral value (typically around **1500 µs**). This value is normally detected and set automatically during calibration—**as long as the throttle was centered** during the final calibration step instead of being left in the low position. #### Mode1 and Mode2 Transmitters There are two main transmitter configurations: * *Mode 1*: left stick controls pitch and yaw, the right stick will control throttle and roll. * *Mode 2*: left stick controls throttle and yaw; the right stick will control pitch and roll.
There are two alternative configurations: * *Mode 3*: left stick controls pitch and roll, the right stick will control throttle and yaw. * *Mode 4*: left stick controls throttle and roll; the right stick will control pitch and yaw. Mode 3 is the opposite of Mode 2 and Mode 4 is the opposite of Mode 1, giving complete right handed/left handed user options. #### Channel mappings Copter default channel mappings are: * **Channel 1**: Roll * **Channel 2**: Pitch * **Channel 3**: Throttle * **Channel 4**: Yaw * **Channel 5**: Flight modes * **Channel 6**: (Optional) Inflight tuning or camera mount (mapped to transmitter tuning knob) * **Channel 7 to 12**: (Optional) Auxiliary function switches --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com. ## Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://spaceandtech-engineerings.gitbook.io/space-and-tech-engineerings-docs/flight-controller/aazmuth/basic-configuration-and-calibration/radio-calibration.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.